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ABBE HOLMES Welcome to our world and your world of Green Matters. This week, a modern day gold rush comes with a catch and one of our World's Wonders fights pollution. But first it's a green flag for an all new racing formula.
ABBE HOLMES Hemp, potatoes and cashew nut shells are not your average car components. But they've all been used to successfully build a biodegradable racing car. Displayed at London's Science Museum, it's one of two cars built by students at UK universities. Both cars are high performance green machines capable of reaching speeds up to 150 miles or 240 kilometers per hour. Putting a lot of petrol guzzlers to shame.
01:05BEN WOOD Warwick University
BEN WOOD It started off as a project, uh, called Formula Student. Uh, which is run at Warwick University and it's a competition that held by the institution every, uh, of mechanical engineers every year. Basically a team of 11 or 12 people, I think it was, including myself, uh, designed and built the car. Then after that I started to do my doctorate at Warwick in engineering, uh, and we're looking to, we looked to turn it into an environmentally friendly racing car. Which took about two months. About 95 to 97% of the car is either biodegradable or recyclable. Um, the body work here, uh, is made from hemp and a resin made from plants or from vegetable oil, um, so this is completely biodegradable. Tires, um, are about 1-1/2% potato starch and that replaces some of the nasty things like un-burnt hydrocarbons and fossil fuels that are found in a normal tire, a road tire compound. The brake pads are made from the shells of cashew nuts and a variety of other plant fibers, which make an excellent brake material. Um, the oil, um, is completely biodegradable. That again is made from a variety of different plant oils blended together. Um, and the fuel we use is bio-ethanol, E-85 bio-ethanol which is made from wheat. A lot of the components on this car can actually be used on an everyday road car. Such as the tires and the oil, um, and the purpose of this car was not to make the fastest racing car in the world, um, the idea was to try and make something that was still fast but environmentally friendly.
ABBE HOLMES No longer does green have to mean slow. As this little number can do an astonishing zero to 100k in just three seconds. Likewise, this car built by students at Imperial College London, is certainly no slouch. It runs off high-tech hydrogen fuel cells made from environmentally sustainable sources and with zero emissions. Its creators belive it's the way of the future. Green and gutsy with a full sized version capable of accelerating faster than a Porsche.
02:50DR. GREGORY OFFER Imperial College London
02:55DR. GREGORY OFFER As a society we're still churning out large numbers of engineers who only have experience in internal combustion engines. So this project is gonna really start churning out large numbers of students, um, into the automotive industry who have experience in electrical power trains, hybrid vehicles, and basically the future technologies that can actually start delivering environmentally friendly vehicles.
03:15ABBE HOLMES With so many new environmental developments in fuel options we can look forward to many more classic cars, without the guilt. From performance cars, to cars' performance. How you drive and maintain your car, can have a big impact on your fuel usage. Experts recommend some simple ways that can save your wallet and the environment.
03:45JEAN JENNINGS Automobile Magazine
JEAN JENNINGS The first is how you drive. If you're aggressive jump on the gas, and jump on the brakes, you're gonna waste fuel. If one tire is under-inflated it's gonna use up fuel, so keep them properly inflated. The next thing you could do is if your car is in a good state of tune, you're gonna be more efficient and if it's out of tune, you're gonna use more fuel. That's all there is to it.
04:10ABBE HOLMES We can also reduce our oil consumption.
04:15PETER LORD Goodwrench
04:15PETER LORD Goodwrench
PETER LORD Years ago the design of the engines and the quality of the oil was such that you had to change it every 3,000 miles, and that was the way that we were all brought up. But now, the engines are more sophisticated, the fueling is much better controlled and the oil has higher quality additives. And so now, a vehicle like this can go nine, ten even 11,000 miles before the engine oil needs changing.
04:35ABBE HOLMES So when do you need to change your oil? For most of today's vehicles you need to read your owner's manual and watch your odometer. But some manufacturers now use technology that makes the decision simple and cost effective. For example, new General Motors vehicles carry a computerized Oil Life System.
04:55PETER LORD The Oil Life System asses exactly how you've used your vehicle, whether you've been in hot weather or whether you've been in cold weather. And it will then judge exactly when to change the oil based upon the way in which you have used your vehicle. And so there's no guess work, there's nothing to remember, the vehicle tells you when it needs attention.
05:15ABBE HOLMES GM estimates that by changing oil according to their Oil Life Systems, instead of every 3,000 miles, vehicle owners could save millions of gallons of oil.
05:30[music]
GReen maTTeRS
05:40ABBE HOLMES High in the mountains of Shangri-la, in the wetlands of the Napahai Lake, are the breeding grounds of a Tibetan symbol of peace. The Black-Necked Crane is revered by Tibetans who attempt to protect the endangered species in the face of habitat loss and human activity. Black-Necked Cranes are beautiful large birds with long necks, attractive plumage and a wingspan of almost two-and-a-half meters. Sadly this makes them highly desirable to poachers. Once abundant in parts of China, Bhutan and India, now there only an estimated 6,000 Black-Necked Cranes left. The breeding grounds are vital to the birds' survival. But the Napahai breeding grounds are under tremendous pressure as the fragile wetland habitat faces increasing pollution, over-grazing, and shrinking fresh water sources. As the human population grows, farmers in and near the Napahai Lake are expanding farmland area and some are even beginning to reclaim swamps, which threatens the crane's future.
06:50WENDEGOMBA WWF
WENDEGOMBA It is one of most important habitat for the Black-Necked Cranes. But, uh, there are so many problems are happening with this wetland. For example, fragmentation, and the pollution of the water, uh, and the master tourism.
07:10ABBE HOLMES One thing in the birds favor is the fact that they are so much a part of Tibetans' religion and culture and are considered sacred by the local people. Tibetan legend has it that previous incarnations of the Dalai Lama were carried from monastery to monastery on the backs of these holy birds. Local farmers base their seasons around the birds' activities. They arrive after the harvest season and their departure signals the time for new planting.
07:40WENDEGOMBA The Black-Necked Cranes for, uh, Tibetans, they culturally they believe the Black-Necked Cranes are holy birds, and (inaudible )they also believe the sound of the Black-Necked Cranes they symbolize peace. So the local people never kill the Black-Necked Cranes. So I can say the local people and the local culture, uh, are the protector, so if the, uh, this Black-Necked Cranes in, uh, this environment.
08:10ABBE HOLMES Bounded by Sichuan Province to the North and Tibet to the West, the Shangri-la region is surrounded by snow-capped mountains, alpine meadows and mountain forests, and is home to the endangered Snub-Nosed Monkey and Snow Leopard. Over several decades, China's rapidly growing economy and population have cause severe degradation throughout the country. Planned hydro-power dams, roads and tourism infrastructure, have furthered potential threats to the fragile ecosystem. In 1995, annual tourist figures for the area were 40,000. Today, they're in the millions.
08:55[music]
GReen maTTeRS
09:05ABBE HOLMES The world's second largest tropical forest after the Amazon, is the forest of the Congo Basin. It contains a quarter of the world's remaining tropical forest, and stores almost 8% of our planet's carbon. Millions of people, including semi nomadic pygmies, rely on the forest for food, shelter and medicines. Its rich ecosystem covers a wide variety of plants, birds and animals, including the rare forest elephant and endangered ape species. About two-thirds of the forest lies within the Democratic Republic of Congo. Despite a moratorium on new logging contracts since 2002, international companies have snared vast areas of forest land from local communities. Unaware of the value of the timber, with individual trees worth thousands of dollars, the locals complain that they were pressured to sign the illegal contracts. Sometimes written in foreign languages, selling the logging rights for a pittance.
10:10Resident
10:15RESIDENT [non-English narrative]
UNKNOWN It was half a crate of beer and a bag of sugar. Five kilograms of sugar and it had to be divided into two. Six bags of soap and what's more, a bag of salt, also to be divided in two. That was it.
10:30ABBE HOLMES Promises of jobs, new roads, schools and hospitals were a big lure for impoverished communities with their meager facilities, but many of the promises were hollow. Not only had the people lost their forests, the crumbling infrastructure remained the same.
10:50School Teacher
SCHOOL TEACHER [non-English narrative]
UNKNOWN We were told that they were contracts, but these contracts have not been respected.
10:55Former Logging Worker
11:00FORMER LOGGING WORKER [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN We thought that we could have a better life, but nothing we expected happened. From Ojoco(ph) to Luapikai(ph), to Vuna(ph), only three people were employed how can we make a living that way?
11:15FORMER LOGGING WORKER [non-English narration]
11:20ABBE HOLMES Logging tracks have opened the way for poachers and miners who further damage this sensitive environment. And under-resourced local authorities are unable to manage the situation.
11:30Environment Officer
ENVIRONMENT OFFICER [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN The reason I'd like to do statistics of logging companies is to compare what is written on the registered books with what's really taken away. This is why they don't allow me to do it.
11:45ABBE HOLMES Environmentalists have put the Congo Forest in the spot light and pygmie groups have lobbied hard, raising awareness in high places.
11:50FILIP VERBELEN Greenpeace
11:55FILIP VERBELEN Greenpeace is calling on the international community and the Congolese government to cancel the concessions that have been illegally allocated in breach of the moratorium. On top of that, we are calling for the maintenance of that moratorium until a proper land use plan has been put in place that benefits the local communities and conserves biodiversity.
12:15[music]
12:20ABBE HOLMES Deforestation contributes 20% of total greenhouse gas emissions, more than all the cars in the world. Recognizing the real cost to our planet, some of the world's richest nations have established a fund providing financial incentives to developing countries to preserve their forests. The government of the Democratic Republic of Congo has indicated it could be willing to cancel contracts that would save close to 20 million hectares of forest.
13:00[music]
GReen maTTeRS
13:10ABBE HOLMES The Taj Mahal, one of the Wonders of the World, jewel of Muslim art and a 17th Century monument to love, tainted by modern times. A yellow hew of pollution is discoloring the once shimmering white marble and fungus gnaws away at the inner chambers. There are many culprits, including vehicle exhausts, household coal and wood and local heavy industry, which admits sulfur dioxide. At levels often ten times the prescribed standard, the sulfur dioxide combines with air and moisture to form a fungus that experts call "marble cancer". The government has taken steps to monitor and control pollution levels, however, progress, particularly with industry, has been slow.
13:55DR. K.M. RANA Environmentalist
14:00DR. K.M. RANA [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN Air pollution definitely has an effect on the Taj Mahal. This is causing the Taj to yellow. We objected to the construction of oil refineries near the Taj Mahal because the refineries are only 35 kilometers away.
14:20ABBE HOLMES Muslim emperor, Shah Jahan, build the Taj as a monument to his wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died giving birth to their 13th child. It took 20,000 men and 22 years to complete the Taj Mahal and its elaborate surrounds. Drawing three million visitors each year, the Taj Mahal is India's greatest tourist attraction.
14:45DR. K.M. RANA UNKNOWN The Taj is one of the Wonders of the World. It provides a lot of employment to the city of Agra, unlike anywhere else in the world, an economy of 550 Craws(ph) is sustained by the Taj. Now the status is this, in Agra, the RSPM, Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter, or the density of dust in the air, according to the Central Pollution Control Board, is only 75. But in reality, it is never less that 200 RSPM.
15:25B.L. JOSHI Tourist
15:30B.L. JOSHI [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN This is the second time that I am seeing the Taj Mahal. I'm seeing it after a gap of 17 years. And I'm glad I've got another opportunity to see the Taj. But this time it looks less radiant than before and there is very little cleanliness.
15:50ABBE HOLMES The Taj is normally cleaned every one to two years with a resin compound. But the government now plans to have it cleaned using a mud pack treatment to remove the deposits. India's architectural beauty, it seems, is about to have a facial.
16:10[music]
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16:15ABBE HOLMES Guiyu, a town in Southern China's Guangdong Province, has become a modern day gold rush town. Instead of retrieving gold from streams and riverbeds, family run workshops look through abandoned electronic and electrical waste to extract valuable metals, such as copper and gold. Every year, millions of unwanted computers, keyboards, TV sets and cell phones are smuggled into China by sea. Most of them are disposed of in Guiyu. The entire town is full of streets packed with workshops. According to a report in 2006, over 5,500 electronic waste businesses employed over 30,000 people in Guiyu. Although the annual revenue is estimated at around 130 million US dollars, this gold rush has created its own ecological disaster. During a disposal process, workers, including women and children, are exposed to a cocktail of toxic chemicals. Somehow, for just three US dollars a day, they manage to eke out a living from these electronic items that continuously arrive. In 2005, it was reported that 88% of the people in Guiyu suffered from skin, nervous system, respiratory and digestive diseases.
17:50LAI YUN Greenpeace
17:55LAI YUN [non-English narration]
18:00UNKNOWN Workers never benefit from the this, it's always the middle man. They scoop the most money out of this business. Workers usually end up with nothing, but still they are willing to do this job that's damaging to their health.
18:15ABBE HOLMES After the useful metals are taken out, the leftover parts are often dumped in landfills or burnt in smelters.
18:20PROF. NIE YONGFENG Tsinghua University
18:25PROF. NIE YONGFENG [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN People use the least investment, the most simple equipment, the shortest time to get the most profit out of this business. Other than this, they couldn't care less. No matter what business you do with these means, it's going to be very harmful to the environment. The problem is that we can control the above board channels, but we cannot control what's coming in through underground channels. I think this is the situation in China and it's the same in Japan and America. I can't say the government is doing nothing to take control, but it's almost impossible to regulate the underground.
19:00ABBE HOLMES Two years ago the local government came up with a plan to remove the foreign waste in Guiyu, but the businesses were too lucrative to be removed quickly and the plan has not yet materialized. In the mean time, the gold rush continues and with it, a growing ecological nightmare.
19:25[music]
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19:30ABBE HOLMES As part of the drive to reduce Britain's carbon emissions, schools across the country are being fitted with solar panels. The Solar for Schools Program enables energy conservation while teaching children the merits of protecting the environment.
19:45JEREMY LEGGETT Chief Exec. Solarcentury
19:50JEREMY LEGGETT The idea is that we're going to put solar, using Department of Trade and Industry money, on at least 100 schools around the country and trying to grow that program, as a way of showing children, in schools, exactly what can be done with the new family of technologies that stands ready to replace fossil fuels and deal with some of the huge problems of our time, particularly global warming and of course energy security, the need to import fossil fuels from foreign lands.
20:15ABBE HOLMES Each school is given a display meter showing the amount of energy generated by the solar panels plus the amount of carbon saved. The system also allows schools to sell electricity back to the grid at times when it's not needed, such as school holidays.
20:35JEREMY LEGGETT More than half our, uh, greenhouse emissions come directly and indirectly from buildings and this is one of the key technologies in cutting that, um, source of greenhouse gas emissions. Just one kilowatt of this stuff will stop the emission of half a ton of greenhouse gas per year.
20:55ABBE HOLMES Global warming is a serious problem. And these children are well aware of the threat it poses to their generation and beyond.
21:00JAMES LANDERS Deputy Principal
JAMES LANDERS We give them the message that, you know, this is something that's not just at school about turning light switches off, but something that they can do at a home, they can influence their parents. In fact, I know some parents commented that their children are driving them nuts because every time they go out of room they turn the light switches off in the house. So, it's, it's having, uh, an effect on the children and it's coming through with lots of their ideas for, um, inventions and sustainable ideas, um, cars that might run on renewable energy sources for the future.
21:30IBIRONKE Student
IBIRONKE Yeah, I would say it's really important, I mean, uh, how to deal with these things and also help the environment in different ways.
21:40TIAGO Student
TIAGO I think it's important because, um, if we, if we didn't have the solar panels, the world, the world wouldn't be as good as that, as it would be with solar panels. Because you would save electricity and wouldn't burn that much fossil fuels, and we won't, and we won't get that much gas into the air.
21:55MICHAEL Student
Michael UNKNOWN It's really important because, um, the more ways, the more stuff we waste, the more the world will become a bad place and then the, and the hole in the ozone now will become bigger and then soon our earth will be so hot we'll just fry and we'll all die.
22:15ABBE HOLMES Converting the 100 schools to solar power will save 200 tons of carbon emissions each year.
22:25[music]
Writer Producer Margaret Drane
Co-Producer Paul Drane
Creative Consultant Marilyn Higgins
Narration Abbe Holmes
TITLES LEE BURGEMEESTRE SHAUN MCKENNA
THEME MUSIC MARGARET DRANE
ABBE HOLMES Join us again when we bring you more of what matters to keep our world green.
POST PRODUCTION THE EDIT SHOP
Tape Operators Mathew Harper Erin King Damian Dixon
TECHNICAL COORDINATOR LISA HENDRY
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER NICK FARROW
GREEN MATTERS
SWITCHINTERNATIONAL
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https://au.linkedin.com/in/paul-drane-613a5430
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ABBE HOLMES Welcome to our world and your world of Green Matters. This week, a modern day gold rush comes with a catch and one of our World's Wonders fights pollution. But first it's a green flag for an all new racing formula.
ABBE HOLMES Hemp, potatoes and cashew nut shells are not your average car components. But they've all been used to successfully build a biodegradable racing car. Displayed at London's Science Museum, it's one of two cars built by students at UK universities. Both cars are high performance green machines capable of reaching speeds up to 150 miles or 240 kilometers per hour. Putting a lot of petrol guzzlers to shame.
01:05BEN WOOD Warwick University
BEN WOOD It started off as a project, uh, called Formula Student. Uh, which is run at Warwick University and it's a competition that held by the institution every, uh, of mechanical engineers every year. Basically a team of 11 or 12 people, I think it was, including myself, uh, designed and built the car. Then after that I started to do my doctorate at Warwick in engineering, uh, and we're looking to, we looked to turn it into an environmentally friendly racing car. Which took about two months. About 95 to 97% of the car is either biodegradable or recyclable. Um, the body work here, uh, is made from hemp and a resin made from plants or from vegetable oil, um, so this is completely biodegradable. Tires, um, are about 1-1/2% potato starch and that replaces some of the nasty things like un-burnt hydrocarbons and fossil fuels that are found in a normal tire, a road tire compound. The brake pads are made from the shells of cashew nuts and a variety of other plant fibers, which make an excellent brake material. Um, the oil, um, is completely biodegradable. That again is made from a variety of different plant oils blended together. Um, and the fuel we use is bio-ethanol, E-85 bio-ethanol which is made from wheat. A lot of the components on this car can actually be used on an everyday road car. Such as the tires and the oil, um, and the purpose of this car was not to make the fastest racing car in the world, um, the idea was to try and make something that was still fast but environmentally friendly.
ABBE HOLMES No longer does green have to mean slow. As this little number can do an astonishing zero to 100k in just three seconds. Likewise, this car built by students at Imperial College London, is certainly no slouch. It runs off high-tech hydrogen fuel cells made from environmentally sustainable sources and with zero emissions. Its creators belive it's the way of the future. Green and gutsy with a full sized version capable of accelerating faster than a Porsche.
02:50DR. GREGORY OFFER Imperial College London
02:55DR. GREGORY OFFER As a society we're still churning out large numbers of engineers who only have experience in internal combustion engines. So this project is gonna really start churning out large numbers of students, um, into the automotive industry who have experience in electrical power trains, hybrid vehicles, and basically the future technologies that can actually start delivering environmentally friendly vehicles.
03:15ABBE HOLMES With so many new environmental developments in fuel options we can look forward to many more classic cars, without the guilt. From performance cars, to cars' performance. How you drive and maintain your car, can have a big impact on your fuel usage. Experts recommend some simple ways that can save your wallet and the environment.
03:45JEAN JENNINGS Automobile Magazine
JEAN JENNINGS The first is how you drive. If you're aggressive jump on the gas, and jump on the brakes, you're gonna waste fuel. If one tire is under-inflated it's gonna use up fuel, so keep them properly inflated. The next thing you could do is if your car is in a good state of tune, you're gonna be more efficient and if it's out of tune, you're gonna use more fuel. That's all there is to it.
04:10ABBE HOLMES We can also reduce our oil consumption.
04:15PETER LORD Goodwrench
04:15PETER LORD Goodwrench
PETER LORD Years ago the design of the engines and the quality of the oil was such that you had to change it every 3,000 miles, and that was the way that we were all brought up. But now, the engines are more sophisticated, the fueling is much better controlled and the oil has higher quality additives. And so now, a vehicle like this can go nine, ten even 11,000 miles before the engine oil needs changing.
04:35ABBE HOLMES So when do you need to change your oil? For most of today's vehicles you need to read your owner's manual and watch your odometer. But some manufacturers now use technology that makes the decision simple and cost effective. For example, new General Motors vehicles carry a computerized Oil Life System.
04:55PETER LORD The Oil Life System asses exactly how you've used your vehicle, whether you've been in hot weather or whether you've been in cold weather. And it will then judge exactly when to change the oil based upon the way in which you have used your vehicle. And so there's no guess work, there's nothing to remember, the vehicle tells you when it needs attention.
05:15ABBE HOLMES GM estimates that by changing oil according to their Oil Life Systems, instead of every 3,000 miles, vehicle owners could save millions of gallons of oil.
05:30[music]
GReen maTTeRS
05:40ABBE HOLMES High in the mountains of Shangri-la, in the wetlands of the Napahai Lake, are the breeding grounds of a Tibetan symbol of peace. The Black-Necked Crane is revered by Tibetans who attempt to protect the endangered species in the face of habitat loss and human activity. Black-Necked Cranes are beautiful large birds with long necks, attractive plumage and a wingspan of almost two-and-a-half meters. Sadly this makes them highly desirable to poachers. Once abundant in parts of China, Bhutan and India, now there only an estimated 6,000 Black-Necked Cranes left. The breeding grounds are vital to the birds' survival. But the Napahai breeding grounds are under tremendous pressure as the fragile wetland habitat faces increasing pollution, over-grazing, and shrinking fresh water sources. As the human population grows, farmers in and near the Napahai Lake are expanding farmland area and some are even beginning to reclaim swamps, which threatens the crane's future.
06:50WENDEGOMBA WWF
WENDEGOMBA It is one of most important habitat for the Black-Necked Cranes. But, uh, there are so many problems are happening with this wetland. For example, fragmentation, and the pollution of the water, uh, and the master tourism.
07:10ABBE HOLMES One thing in the birds favor is the fact that they are so much a part of Tibetans' religion and culture and are considered sacred by the local people. Tibetan legend has it that previous incarnations of the Dalai Lama were carried from monastery to monastery on the backs of these holy birds. Local farmers base their seasons around the birds' activities. They arrive after the harvest season and their departure signals the time for new planting.
07:40WENDEGOMBA The Black-Necked Cranes for, uh, Tibetans, they culturally they believe the Black-Necked Cranes are holy birds, and (inaudible )they also believe the sound of the Black-Necked Cranes they symbolize peace. So the local people never kill the Black-Necked Cranes. So I can say the local people and the local culture, uh, are the protector, so if the, uh, this Black-Necked Cranes in, uh, this environment.
08:10ABBE HOLMES Bounded by Sichuan Province to the North and Tibet to the West, the Shangri-la region is surrounded by snow-capped mountains, alpine meadows and mountain forests, and is home to the endangered Snub-Nosed Monkey and Snow Leopard. Over several decades, China's rapidly growing economy and population have cause severe degradation throughout the country. Planned hydro-power dams, roads and tourism infrastructure, have furthered potential threats to the fragile ecosystem. In 1995, annual tourist figures for the area were 40,000. Today, they're in the millions.
08:55[music]
GReen maTTeRS
09:05ABBE HOLMES The world's second largest tropical forest after the Amazon, is the forest of the Congo Basin. It contains a quarter of the world's remaining tropical forest, and stores almost 8% of our planet's carbon. Millions of people, including semi nomadic pygmies, rely on the forest for food, shelter and medicines. Its rich ecosystem covers a wide variety of plants, birds and animals, including the rare forest elephant and endangered ape species. About two-thirds of the forest lies within the Democratic Republic of Congo. Despite a moratorium on new logging contracts since 2002, international companies have snared vast areas of forest land from local communities. Unaware of the value of the timber, with individual trees worth thousands of dollars, the locals complain that they were pressured to sign the illegal contracts. Sometimes written in foreign languages, selling the logging rights for a pittance.
10:10Resident
10:15RESIDENT [non-English narrative]
UNKNOWN It was half a crate of beer and a bag of sugar. Five kilograms of sugar and it had to be divided into two. Six bags of soap and what's more, a bag of salt, also to be divided in two. That was it.
10:30ABBE HOLMES Promises of jobs, new roads, schools and hospitals were a big lure for impoverished communities with their meager facilities, but many of the promises were hollow. Not only had the people lost their forests, the crumbling infrastructure remained the same.
10:50School Teacher
SCHOOL TEACHER [non-English narrative]
UNKNOWN We were told that they were contracts, but these contracts have not been respected.
10:55Former Logging Worker
11:00FORMER LOGGING WORKER [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN We thought that we could have a better life, but nothing we expected happened. From Ojoco(ph) to Luapikai(ph), to Vuna(ph), only three people were employed how can we make a living that way?
11:15FORMER LOGGING WORKER [non-English narration]
11:20ABBE HOLMES Logging tracks have opened the way for poachers and miners who further damage this sensitive environment. And under-resourced local authorities are unable to manage the situation.
11:30Environment Officer
ENVIRONMENT OFFICER [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN The reason I'd like to do statistics of logging companies is to compare what is written on the registered books with what's really taken away. This is why they don't allow me to do it.
11:45ABBE HOLMES Environmentalists have put the Congo Forest in the spot light and pygmie groups have lobbied hard, raising awareness in high places.
11:50FILIP VERBELEN Greenpeace
11:55FILIP VERBELEN Greenpeace is calling on the international community and the Congolese government to cancel the concessions that have been illegally allocated in breach of the moratorium. On top of that, we are calling for the maintenance of that moratorium until a proper land use plan has been put in place that benefits the local communities and conserves biodiversity.
12:15[music]
12:20ABBE HOLMES Deforestation contributes 20% of total greenhouse gas emissions, more than all the cars in the world. Recognizing the real cost to our planet, some of the world's richest nations have established a fund providing financial incentives to developing countries to preserve their forests. The government of the Democratic Republic of Congo has indicated it could be willing to cancel contracts that would save close to 20 million hectares of forest.
13:00[music]
GReen maTTeRS
13:10ABBE HOLMES The Taj Mahal, one of the Wonders of the World, jewel of Muslim art and a 17th Century monument to love, tainted by modern times. A yellow hew of pollution is discoloring the once shimmering white marble and fungus gnaws away at the inner chambers. There are many culprits, including vehicle exhausts, household coal and wood and local heavy industry, which admits sulfur dioxide. At levels often ten times the prescribed standard, the sulfur dioxide combines with air and moisture to form a fungus that experts call "marble cancer". The government has taken steps to monitor and control pollution levels, however, progress, particularly with industry, has been slow.
13:55DR. K.M. RANA Environmentalist
14:00DR. K.M. RANA [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN Air pollution definitely has an effect on the Taj Mahal. This is causing the Taj to yellow. We objected to the construction of oil refineries near the Taj Mahal because the refineries are only 35 kilometers away.
14:20ABBE HOLMES Muslim emperor, Shah Jahan, build the Taj as a monument to his wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died giving birth to their 13th child. It took 20,000 men and 22 years to complete the Taj Mahal and its elaborate surrounds. Drawing three million visitors each year, the Taj Mahal is India's greatest tourist attraction.
14:45DR. K.M. RANA UNKNOWN The Taj is one of the Wonders of the World. It provides a lot of employment to the city of Agra, unlike anywhere else in the world, an economy of 550 Craws(ph) is sustained by the Taj. Now the status is this, in Agra, the RSPM, Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter, or the density of dust in the air, according to the Central Pollution Control Board, is only 75. But in reality, it is never less that 200 RSPM.
15:25B.L. JOSHI Tourist
15:30B.L. JOSHI [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN This is the second time that I am seeing the Taj Mahal. I'm seeing it after a gap of 17 years. And I'm glad I've got another opportunity to see the Taj. But this time it looks less radiant than before and there is very little cleanliness.
15:50ABBE HOLMES The Taj is normally cleaned every one to two years with a resin compound. But the government now plans to have it cleaned using a mud pack treatment to remove the deposits. India's architectural beauty, it seems, is about to have a facial.
16:10[music]
GReen maTTeRS
16:15ABBE HOLMES Guiyu, a town in Southern China's Guangdong Province, has become a modern day gold rush town. Instead of retrieving gold from streams and riverbeds, family run workshops look through abandoned electronic and electrical waste to extract valuable metals, such as copper and gold. Every year, millions of unwanted computers, keyboards, TV sets and cell phones are smuggled into China by sea. Most of them are disposed of in Guiyu. The entire town is full of streets packed with workshops. According to a report in 2006, over 5,500 electronic waste businesses employed over 30,000 people in Guiyu. Although the annual revenue is estimated at around 130 million US dollars, this gold rush has created its own ecological disaster. During a disposal process, workers, including women and children, are exposed to a cocktail of toxic chemicals. Somehow, for just three US dollars a day, they manage to eke out a living from these electronic items that continuously arrive. In 2005, it was reported that 88% of the people in Guiyu suffered from skin, nervous system, respiratory and digestive diseases.
17:50LAI YUN Greenpeace
17:55LAI YUN [non-English narration]
18:00UNKNOWN Workers never benefit from the this, it's always the middle man. They scoop the most money out of this business. Workers usually end up with nothing, but still they are willing to do this job that's damaging to their health.
18:15ABBE HOLMES After the useful metals are taken out, the leftover parts are often dumped in landfills or burnt in smelters.
18:20PROF. NIE YONGFENG Tsinghua University
18:25PROF. NIE YONGFENG [non-English narration]
UNKNOWN People use the least investment, the most simple equipment, the shortest time to get the most profit out of this business. Other than this, they couldn't care less. No matter what business you do with these means, it's going to be very harmful to the environment. The problem is that we can control the above board channels, but we cannot control what's coming in through underground channels. I think this is the situation in China and it's the same in Japan and America. I can't say the government is doing nothing to take control, but it's almost impossible to regulate the underground.
19:00ABBE HOLMES Two years ago the local government came up with a plan to remove the foreign waste in Guiyu, but the businesses were too lucrative to be removed quickly and the plan has not yet materialized. In the mean time, the gold rush continues and with it, a growing ecological nightmare.
19:25[music]
GReen maTTeRS
19:30ABBE HOLMES As part of the drive to reduce Britain's carbon emissions, schools across the country are being fitted with solar panels. The Solar for Schools Program enables energy conservation while teaching children the merits of protecting the environment.
19:45JEREMY LEGGETT Chief Exec. Solarcentury
19:50JEREMY LEGGETT The idea is that we're going to put solar, using Department of Trade and Industry money, on at least 100 schools around the country and trying to grow that program, as a way of showing children, in schools, exactly what can be done with the new family of technologies that stands ready to replace fossil fuels and deal with some of the huge problems of our time, particularly global warming and of course energy security, the need to import fossil fuels from foreign lands.
20:15ABBE HOLMES Each school is given a display meter showing the amount of energy generated by the solar panels plus the amount of carbon saved. The system also allows schools to sell electricity back to the grid at times when it's not needed, such as school holidays.
20:35JEREMY LEGGETT More than half our, uh, greenhouse emissions come directly and indirectly from buildings and this is one of the key technologies in cutting that, um, source of greenhouse gas emissions. Just one kilowatt of this stuff will stop the emission of half a ton of greenhouse gas per year.
20:55ABBE HOLMES Global warming is a serious problem. And these children are well aware of the threat it poses to their generation and beyond.
21:00JAMES LANDERS Deputy Principal
JAMES LANDERS We give them the message that, you know, this is something that's not just at school about turning light switches off, but something that they can do at a home, they can influence their parents. In fact, I know some parents commented that their children are driving them nuts because every time they go out of room they turn the light switches off in the house. So, it's, it's having, uh, an effect on the children and it's coming through with lots of their ideas for, um, inventions and sustainable ideas, um, cars that might run on renewable energy sources for the future.
21:30IBIRONKE Student
IBIRONKE Yeah, I would say it's really important, I mean, uh, how to deal with these things and also help the environment in different ways.
21:40TIAGO Student
TIAGO I think it's important because, um, if we, if we didn't have the solar panels, the world, the world wouldn't be as good as that, as it would be with solar panels. Because you would save electricity and wouldn't burn that much fossil fuels, and we won't, and we won't get that much gas into the air.
21:55MICHAEL Student
Michael UNKNOWN It's really important because, um, the more ways, the more stuff we waste, the more the world will become a bad place and then the, and the hole in the ozone now will become bigger and then soon our earth will be so hot we'll just fry and we'll all die.
22:15ABBE HOLMES Converting the 100 schools to solar power will save 200 tons of carbon emissions each year.
22:25[music]
Writer Producer Margaret Drane
Co-Producer Paul Drane
Creative Consultant Marilyn Higgins
Narration Abbe Holmes
TITLES LEE BURGEMEESTRE SHAUN MCKENNA
THEME MUSIC MARGARET DRANE
ABBE HOLMES Join us again when we bring you more of what matters to keep our world green.
POST PRODUCTION THE EDIT SHOP
Tape Operators Mathew Harper Erin King Damian Dixon
TECHNICAL COORDINATOR LISA HENDRY
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER NICK FARROW
GREEN MATTERS
SWITCHINTERNATIONAL
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https://au.linkedin.com/in/paul-drane-613a5430
Yeah some info that encourage me to do something like director.
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